Critical Thinking, Generalized Anxiety in Satisfaction with Studies: The Mediating Role of Academic Self-Efficacy in Medical Students.

BACKGROUND: The academic and emotional challenges faced by medical students can affect critical thinking and may also contribute to the development of increased generalized anxiety. Similarly, critical thinking and generalized anxiety can impact study satisfaction through the mediating mechanism of academic self-efficacy. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the mediating role of academic self-efficacy between critical thinking and generalized anxiety in study satisfaction among medical students. METHODS: A cross-sectional and explanatory study was conducted involving 259 Peruvian medical students aged between 18 and 35 (M = 20.29, SD = 2.84). The evaluation was based on self-reported questionnaires covering critical thinking, generalized anxiety, academic self-efficacy, and study satisfaction. Furthermore, a structural equation modeling (SEM) and mediation approach was employed to examine the relationships between variables. RESULTS: The results showed an adequate fit of the model [χ2 (87) = 155, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.93, TLI = 0.92, RMSEA = 0.05 (CI: 0.04-0.07), SRMR = 0.07], demonstrating the impact of critical thinking and generalized anxiety. It was confirmed that academic self-efficacy has a positive effect on study satisfaction. Moreover, the mediating role of academic self-efficacy was confirmed between critical thinking and study satisfaction, as well as between generalized anxiety and study satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: Due to the high academic load on medical students, academic self-efficacy plays a mediating role in the relationship between critical thinking, generalized anxiety, and satisfaction with studies. The development of educational strategies will help to promote critical thinking and academic self-efficacy, as well as provide support to students with generalized anxiety, to enhance study satisfaction.

Self-efficacy, organizational commitment, workload as predictors of life satisfaction in elementary school teachers: the mediating role of job satisfaction.

Background: Life satisfaction as well as job satisfaction of teachers has a significant impact on educational outcomes. Objective: To evaluate a model of factors predicting life satisfaction through the mediating role of job satisfaction. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, with a sample of 300 primary school teachers of both sexes (68% female, 32% male) and with a mean age of 42.52 years (SD = 10.04). They were administered the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), the Workload Scale (ECT), the Generic Job Satisfaction Scale, and the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used for data analysis. Results: The SEM analysis found significant goodness-of-fit indices: (χ2 = 13.739; df = 5; p = <0.001; CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.98, RMSEA = 0.05, SRMR = 0.04). Specifically, self-efficacy and organizational commitment were positive predictors of job satisfaction, while workload was a negative predictor of job satisfaction. The mediating effect of job satisfaction between self-efficacy, life satisfaction, workload, and overall life satisfaction was confirmed. Conclusion: The results confirm the importance of self-efficacy, organizational commitment, and workload in job satisfaction and overall life satisfaction of elementary education teachers. Job satisfaction acts as a mediator in this relationship. It is important to reduce workload and promote self-efficacy and organizational commitment to improve the well-being and satisfaction of teachers.

Estilos de vida, actividad física, tiempo frente a la pantalla y el índice de masa corporal en adolescentes en retorno a la presencialidad / Lifestyles, physical activity, screen time and body mass index in adolescentsin return to face-to-face

Introducción: El retorno a la nueva presencialidad requiere de asumir estilos de vida saludables en los estudiantes, los apoderados de familia deben inculcar la práctica de la actividad física en edades tempranas y regular el tiempo frente a la pantalla de los escolares, para así reducir el sobrepeso y la obesidad. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre los estilos de vida con la actividad física, tiempo frente a la pantalla y el índice de masa corporal en adolescentes de 12 a 18 años de la región de Puno en retorno a la presencialidad. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo correlacional múltiple de corte transversal, que comprendió a 876 adolescentes (451 mujeres y 425 varones) con promedio de edad de 15,26 ± 1,76. El trabajo de campo se realizó de manera presencial aplicando los cuestionarios: estilos de vida, actividad física, tiempo frente a la pantalla y la medición antropométrica del peso corporal y la estatura. Resultados: Los estudiantes presentan estilos de vida medios (53,5%), las mujeres sobresalen en los niveles medio y excelente (28,7%) y (11,6%), frente a los varones (24,9%) y (7,9%). El tiempo frente a la pantalla durante la semana permanecen más horas (45,9%) de 4-5 horas y el (24,9%) de 6-7 horas. Las mujeres tienen tendencia al sobrepeso y la obesidad (31,1%) y (4,9%) en contraste con los varones (19,3%) y (3,7%). Las adolescentes muestran niveles de actividad física baja y moderada (20,5%) y (19,6%), frente a los varones (6,6%) y (29,2%). Conclusiones: Se estableció que los estudiantes en retorno a la presencialidad asumen estilos de vida medianamente satisfactorios, las mujeres muestran tendencia al sobrepeso y la obesidad, en los niveles de actividad física sobresale el nivel moderado y los varones presentan mayor adherencia a la práctica intensa.(AU)

ntroduction: The return to the new presentiality requiresassuming healthy lifestyles in students, family parents shouldinculcate the practice of physical activity at early ages and re-gulate screen time of schoolchildren, in order to reduce over-weight and obesity.Objective: To determine the association between lifestylesand physical activity, screen time and body mass index in ado-lescents aged 12 to 18 years in the Puno region in return topresentiality. Materials and Methods: A descriptive correlational mul-tiple cross-sectional study was carried out, involving 876 ado-lescents (451 females and 425 males) with an average age of15.26 ± 1.76. The field work was carried out in person, appl-ying the following questionnaires: lifestyles, physical activity,time in front of the screen and anthropometric measurementof body weight and height.Results: Students had average lifestyles (53.5%), with fe-males excelling in the average and excellent levels (28.7%)and (11.6%), compared to males (24.9%) and (7.9%). Thetime spent in front of the screen during the week is more(45.9%) 4-5 hours and (24.9%) 6-7 hours. Females have atendency to overweight and obesity (31.1%) and (4.9%) incontrast to males (19.3%) and (3.7%). Adolescent femalesshow low and moderate levels of physical activity (20.5%)and (19.6%) compared to males (6.6%) and (29.2%).Conclusions: It was established that students in return topresentiality assume moderately satisfactory lifestyles, fema-les show tendency to overweight and obesity, in the levels ofphysical activity the moderate level stands out and malesshow greater adherence to intense practice.(AU)

Actividad física, tiempo frente al ordenador, horas de sueño e índice de masa corporal en adolescentes en tiempos de pandemia / Physical activity, time in front of the computer, sleep hours and body mass index in adolescents in times of pandemic

Flores-Paredes, A. y Coila-Pancca, D. (2022). Actividad física, tiempo frente al ordenador, horas de sueño e índice de masa corporal en adolescentes en tiempos de pandemia. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 20(2), 1-17. La pandemia del COVID-19 ha producido enormes cambios en las actividades de la vida diaria de las personas. Los niveles de actividad física han disminuido, el tiempo frente al ordenador se ha incrementado, lo que ha producido inactividad física y sedentarismo en los escolares. Se planteó como objetivo determinar la asociación directa entre la actividad física, tiempo frente al ordenador y horas de sueño con el índice de masa corporal en adolescentes de 12 a 17 años de la región de Puno, Perú. El enfoque utilizado es cuantitativo, el tipo de investigación que se asumió es no experimental con diseño transversal. Se aplicó una muestra no probabilística intencionada de 465 adolescentes (241 mujeres y 224 varones) con promedio de edad de (14.14 ± 1.34). Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el cuestionario de actividad física, el tiempo frente al ordenador con un análisis de fiabilidad de Alfa de Cronbach de .918 y .862, y se tuvo el auto reporte de las medidas del peso corporal y estatura de pie. Resultados: el 20.65% de mujeres presentan un nivel de actividad física baja, en el 9.87% de varones predomina la actividad física alta. El 14.19 % de mujeres pasan más tiempo frente al ordenador durante la semana (de 6 a 7 horas diarias), a diferencia de los varones: 12.26%. El 23.66% de mujeres presenta sobrepeso y el 5.81% obesidad, frente a los varones 20% y 3.23%. Existe correlación Rho de Spearman inversamente proporcional de -0.167 y p < .01. Se concluyen que, a menor actividad física, el índice de masa corporal se incrementa.

Flores-Paredes, A. & Coila-Pancca, D. (2022). Physical activity, time in front of the computer, sleep hours and body mass index in adolescents in times of pandemic. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 20(2), 1-17. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in enormous changes in people's daily life activities. The levels of physical activity have decreased, time in front of the computer has increased, and this has caused physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyles in schoolchildren. The authors' objective was to determine the direct relationship between physical activity, time in front of the computer and sleep hours, on the one hand, and, on the other, body mass index in adolescents of ages 12-17 in the region of Puno, Peru. The approach used is quantitative, and the type of research undertaken is non-experimental with a cross-cutting design. An intentional non-probabilistic sample was applied, consisting of 485 adolescents (241 females and 224 males) with an average age of (14.14 ± 1.34). The instruments used were the physical activity questionnaire, the time in front of the computer with Cronbach's Alpha reliability analysis of .918 and .862, plus the self-report of body weight and standing height. Results: 20.65% of females show a low physical activity level, while high physical activity is predominant in 9.87% of males; 14.19% of females spend more time in front of the computer during the week (6-7 hours per day), in contrast with males (12.26%); 23.66% of females show overweight and 5.81% of them show obesity, while for males these percentages are 20% and 3.23%. An inversely proportional Spearman Rho correlation of -0.167 and p < .01 exists. The conclusion is that the body mass index increases with less physical activity.

Flores-Paredes, A. e Coila-Pancca, D. (2022). Atividade física, tempo em frente ao computador, horas de sono e índice de massa corporal em adolescentes em tempos de pandemia. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 20(2), 1-17. A pandemia da COVID-19 produziu grandes mudanças nas atividades da vida diária das pessoas. Os níveis de atividade física diminuíram, o tempo em frente ao computador aumentou, o que tem produzido inatividade física e sedentarismo em escolares. O objetivo foi determinar a associação direta entre a atividade física, o tempo em frente ao computador e as horas de sono com o índice de massa corporal em adolescentes de 12 a 17 anos na região de Puno, Peru. A abordagem utilizada é quantitativa, o tipo de pesquisa que se assumiu é não experimental com desenho transversal. Foi aplicada uma amostra não probabilística intencional de 465 adolescentes (241 mulheres e 224 homens) com idade média de (14,14 ± 1,34). Os instrumentos utilizados foram o questionário de atividade física, o tempo em frente ao computador com uma análise de confiabilidade Alfa de Cronbach de 0,918 e 0,862, e foi obtido o autorrelato das medidas de peso corporal e altura em pé. Resultados: 20,65% das mulheres têm baixo nível de atividade física e 9,87% dos homens predominam a atividade física; 14,19% das mulheres passam mais tempo na frente do computador durante a semana (6 a 7 horas por dia) e os homens: 12,26%; 23,66% das mulheres estão acima do peso e 5,81% obesas, em comparação com os homens: 20% e 3,23%. Existe uma correlação Rho de Spearman inversamente proporcional de -0,167 e p < 0,01. Conclui-se que, quanto menor atividade física, maior o índice de massa corporal.

Tiempo frente a la pantalla, actividad física, tiempo de sueño y hábitos alimenticios en escolares en pandemia / Screen time, physical activity, sleep time and eating habits in schoolchildrenin a pandemic

Introducción: La pandemia de la Covid-19 ha modificado las actividades cotidianas de las personas a nivel mundial y el tiempo de los escolares frente a una pantalla se ha incrementado produciendo inactividad física y sedentarismo. Objetivo: Determinar la relación del tiempo frente a la pantalla (televisión, computadora, celular, tabletas) con la actividad física, tiempo de sueño y los hábitos alimenticios en escolares de 6 a 12 años de Juliaca durante el confinamiento. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo correlacional múltiple de corte transversal, que comprendió a 305 escolares (164 mujeres y 141 varones) con promedio de edad de (9,09 ± 1,99). La información se recolectó por medio de cuestionarios online: tiempo frente a la pantalla, actividad física y hábitos alimenticios. Resultados: Los varones permanecen más horas frente a una pantalla durante la semana (20,7%) de 6-7 horas diarias, (11,5%) de 8-9, (3,0%) > 10 horas, en contraste con las mujeres (13,4%), (5,6%) y (1,0%). Las mujeres muestran niveles de actividad física baja (26.2%) frente a los varones (6.2%). En el tiempo de sueño las mujeres prevalecen el (41.3%) duerme de 8-9 horas, a diferencia de los varones (31,5%). En los hábitos alimenticios predominó la alimentación inadecuada en los escolares. Existe correlación de Rho de Spearman inversamente proporcional entre las variables tiempo frente a la pantalla con la actividad física y los hábitos alimenticios de -0,191 y -0,197 con un valor de (p< 0.05).Conclusiones: se determinó que los escolares pasan más tiempo frente a una pantalla durante y el fin de semana, el nivel de actividad física disminuyó sustancialmente, las horas de sueño se modificaron y los hábitos alimenticios son inadecuados producto de la pandemia.(AU)

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has modified thedaily activities of people worldwide and the time of school-children in front of a screen has increased, producing physi-cal inactivity and sedentary lifestyle. Objective: To determine the relationship of time in frontof the screen (television, computer, cell phone, tablets) withphysical activity, hours of sleep and eating habits in school-children aged 6 to 12 years in Juliaca during the pandemic. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectionalmultiple correlational study was carried out, which included305 schoolchildren (164 women and 141 men) with a meanage of 9.09 ± 1.99. The information was collected throughonline questionnaires: time in front of the screen, physical ac-tivity, hours of sleep and eating habits. Results: Men spend more hours in front of a screen duringthe week (20.7%) from 6-7 hours a day, (11.5%) from 8-9,(3.0%) > 10 hours, in contrast with women (13.4%), (5.6%)and (1.0%). Women show low levels of physical activity (26.2%) compared to men (6.2%). In the hours of sleep, women prevail(41.3%) sleep 8-9 hours a day, unlike men (31.5%). In eatinghabits, inadequate nutrition prevailed in schoolchildren. Conclusions: it was determined that schoolchildren spendmore time in front of a screen from 4 to 9 hours during theweek and from 1 to 5 hours on the weekend, the level ofphysical activity decreased substantially, the hours of sleepwere modified and the habits Food supplies are inadequate asa result of the pandemic.(AU)

Producción científica y características de docentes universitarios de educación física del Perú / Scientific production and characteristics of university physical education teachers in Peru

Frente a la problemática producción científica en la docencia universitaria en el Perú, y el insuficiente aporte de publicaciones por parte de los docentes, se tuvo como objetivo determinar la frecuencia de publicación científica de doctores, magísteres y licenciados e identificar los factores asociados. Para esto se realizó un estudió observacional, descriptivo y transversal en una población conformada por 165 docentes (135 varones con 57.49 ± 3.73 y 30 mujeres 55.75 ± 0.80), la investigación utilizó el método científico, el enfoque de investigación cuantitativo, la búsqueda de artículos se realizó en la base de datos de Google Académico y Scopus publicados en el periodo del (2006 a mayo del 2020), que consignaron al menos un autor con la filiación y base de datos indexada. Resultados el 45.19% (61) tienen el grado de maestría, 34.07% (46) grado de doctor, y un 20.74% (28) con título profesional, en comparación con el sexo femenino 36.67% (11) con grado de maestría, 33.33% (10) con título profesional, y un 30% (9) con el grado de doctor. El mayor porcentaje de publicaciones lo realizaron los doctores 5 en Scopus, 10 en Web of sience, 1 en Pub med, 2 en Scielo y 2 en Latindex, en comparación a los magísteres, 1 en Web of science y en Latindex, y 3 docentes cuentan con la certificación de docente investigador reconocidos por el (RENACYT). Se concluye que son muy bajas las frecuencias de publicaciones de los docentes universitarios de educación física con título profesional, maestrías y doctorados

Faced with the uncertain scientific production in university teaching in Peru, and the insufficient contribution of publications by teachers, the objective was to determine the frequency of scientific publication of doctors, masters and graduates and to identify the associated factors. For this, an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in a population made up of 165 teachers (135 men with 57.49 ± 3.73 and 30 women 55.75 ± 0.80), the research used the scientific method, the research approach is quantitative, the search for Articles were made in the Google Scholar and Scopus database published in the period from (2006 to May 2020), which recorded at least one author with the affiliation and indexed database. Results 45.19% (61) have a master's degree, 34.07% (46) a doctor's degree, and 20.74% (28) have a professional degree, compared to the female gender 36.67% (11) with a master's degree, 33.33 % (10) with a professional title, and 30% (9) with a doctor's degree. The highest percentage of publications was carried out by doctors 5 at Scopus, 10 at Web of sience, 1 at Pub med, 2 at Scielo and 2 at Latindex, compared to the masters, 1 at Web of science and Latindex, and 3 teachers they have the certification of research professor recognized by the (CONCYTEC). It is concluded that the frequencies of publications of the university professors of physical education with a professional title, masters and doctorates are very low

Actividad física y su relación con el sobrepeso y obesidad en docentes de la Universidad Nacional del Altiplano Puno 2017 / Physical activity and its relation with overweight and obesity in teachers of the Universidad Nacional del Altiplano Puno 2017

La práctica de la actividad física en la actualidad se hace necesaria por los múltiples beneficios que brinda al organismo. Los docentes de la Universidad Nacional del Altiplano por sus diferentes responsabilidades y escasa práctica en estilos de vida saludables son propensos a desarrollar el sobrepeso y la obesidad. El objetivo de la investigación fue conocer el nivel de actividad física y su relación con el sobrepeso y obesidad en docentes. La investigación utilizó el método científico, el tipo de investigación es básica, con diseño descriptivo correlacional con una población de 950 docentes y con una muestra de tipo no probabilística de 316 docentes (178 varones y 138 mujeres), con promedio de edad de 47.48 ± 9,92, la técnica utilizada fue la observación y el instrumento utilizado el cuestionario de actividad física y la aplicación de las mediciones antropométricas (estatura y peso). Resultados el 76.65% de docentes tienen un nivel de actividad física moderado, el 63% bajo y el 52.63% alto; así mismo el 68.02% se ubican en la escala sobrepeso, el 42.86% con obesidad y el 12.50% normal, en la variable sexo el 62.32% de mujeres se ubican en la escala sobrepeso, el 76.40% de varones en la escala sobrepeso. En conclusión, existe mayor prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en docentes varones, en comparación con las mujeres. Se hace necesario implementar programas de intervención de salud integral en los docentes con base a la práctica de actividad física y alimentación saludable

The practice of physical activity today is necessary because of the multiple benefits it provides to the body. Teachers at the National University of the Altiplano for their different responsibilities and poor practice in healthy lifestyles are likely to develop overweight and obesity. The objective of the research was to know the level of physical activity and its relationship with overweight and obesity in teachers. The research used the scientific method, the type of research is basic, with a descriptive correlational design with a population of 950 teachers and a non-probabilistic sample of 316 teachers (178 men and 138 women), with an average age of 47.48 ± 9,92, the technique used was the observation and the instrument used the physical activity questionnaire and the application of anthropometric measurements (height and weight). Results 76.65% of teachers have a moderate level of physical activity, 63% low and 52.63% high; Likewise, 68.02% are located on the overweight scale, 42.86% with obesity and 12.50% normal, in the sex variable 62.32% of women are on the overweight scale, 76.40% of men on the overweight scale. In conclusion, there is a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity in male teachers, compared to women. It is necessary to implement comprehensive health intervention programs in teachers based on the practice of physical activity and healthy eating